Temperature-humidity index (THI) was adopted to evalulate the climate suitability for the Green Silk Road. The relative humidity isone of the basic parameters to calculate THI. Refering to theTHI model of Tanget al. (2008), the multi-year average of relative humidity is calculted based on the observation data (1981-2017) of weather stations provided by National Meteorological Information Center. The multi-year average values were interpolated into the raster dataset at the resolution of 11km×1km by Kriging method based on GIS software. The climate suitability evaluation results calculated based on this dataset could highlight regional differences.
Temperature-humidity index (THI) was adopted to evalulate the climate suitability for the Green Silk Road. Temperature is one of the basic parameters to calculate THI. Refering to theTHI model of Tanget al. (2008), the multi-year average of temperature is calculted based on the observation data (1981-2017) of weather stations provided by National Meteorological Information Center. The multi-year average values were interpolated into the raster dataset at the resolution of 11km×1km by Kriging method based on GIS software. The climate suitability evaluation results calculated based on this dataset could highlight regional differences.
LIN Yumei
1) The data includes the soil erosion modulus of 11 watersheds with a resolution of 5 m in the year of 2017 in Tibet. 2）Based on the surface layer of rainfall erosivity R, soil erodibility K, slope length factor LS, vegetation coverage FVC, and rotation sampling survey unit, the Chinese soil erosion model (CSLE) was used to calculate soil erosin modulus in 11 watersheds respectively. Through spatial data processing (including chart linking and transformation, vector-grid conversion, and resampling), R, K, LS factors were calculated from the regional thematic map of rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, and DEM. By half-month FVC, NPV, half-month rainfall erosivity data, we calculated the value of B factors in each sampling watershed. The value of E factor was calculated based on the remote sensing interpretation results and engineering measure factor table. The value of tillage factor T was obtained from tillage zoning map and tillage measure table. And then the soil erosion modulus in each sampling watershed was calculated by the equation: A=R•K•LS•B•E•T. The selection of 11 watersheds was based on the layout of sampling survey in pan-third polar region. 3) Compared with the data of soil erosion intensity in the same region in the same year, there is no significant difference and the data quality is good.4) the data of soil erosion modulus is of great significance for studying the present situation of soil erosion in Pan third polar region, and it is also crucial for the implementation of the development policy of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road.
1) The data includes the soil erosion modulus of 11 watersheds with a resolution of 30 m in the year of 2017 in Qinhai. 2）Based on the surface layer of rainfall erosivity R, soil erodibility K, slope length factor LS, vegetation coverage FVC, and rotation sampling survey unit, the Chinese soil erosion model (CSLE) was used to calculate soil erosin modulus in 11 watersheds respectively. Through spatial data processing (including chart linking and transformation, vector-grid conversion, and resampling), R, K, LS factors were calculated from the regional thematic map of rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, and DEM. By half-month FVC, NPV, half-month rainfall erosivity data, we calculated the value of B factors in each sampling watershed. The value of E factor was calculated based on the remote sensing interpretation result and engineering measure factor table. The value of tillage factor T was obtained from tillage zoning map and tillage measure table. And then the soil erosion modulus in each sampling watershed was calculated by the equation: A=R•K•LS•B•E•T. The selection of 11 watersheds was based on the layout of sampling survey in pan-third polar region. 3) Compared with the data of soil erosion intensity in the same region in the same year, there is no significant difference and the data quality is good.4) the data of soil erosion modulus is of great significance for studying the present situation of soil erosion in Pan third polar region, and it is also crucial for the implementation of the development policy of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road.
ZHANG Wenbo
According to the method of dendrology, tree cores of Schrenk spruce (Picea schrenkiana) in central (Houxia, Urumqi) and western Tianshan Mountains (kuruning, Yili) were collected. Through the traditional method of dendrology, the sample was processed and dated according prescriptive process. We established the width chronology of Schrenk spruce (Picea schrenkiana) in central and western Tianshan Mountains. As the method of tree ring isotope, four tree cores were selected. After cleaning and air-dried, tree rings were separated five-year increments suing a scalpel under a microscope. Hg concentrations were analyzed in duplicate following the established procedures on a Leeman Hydra IIC Direct Hg Analyzer (Teledyne Leeman Labs, Hudson, NH, USA). The principle of the analytical method is cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometer after thermal decomposition and amalgamation of a gold trap following the US EPA method 7473 (USEPA 1998). The enhanced Hg pollution, especially at low-frequency, was revealed, which was consistent with the changes of global Hg deposition. In central Tianshan Mountains, Hg values showed strong anthropogenic impacts and reflected the local Hg emission loading. Compared to the ice-core Hg records on the Tibet Plateau, our outcomes presented the dramatic increasing trend after the World War Ⅱ. We suggested that tree rings in remote area can be employed to reflect the low-frequency and large-scale Hg deposition and can benefit to accurate the Hg emission inventory in China.
LIU Xiaohong
The data set records the carbon dioxide emissions of 1960-2014 countries along 65 countries along the belt and road.Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring.Data source:Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, United States.The U.S. Department of Energy's Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) calculates annual anthropogenic emissions from data on fossil fuel consumption (from the United Nations Statistics Division's World Energy Data Set) and world cement manufacturing (from the U.S. Department of Interior's Geological Survey, USGS 2011). The dataset contains 2 tables: CO2 emissions(kt),CO2 emissions(metric tons per capita).
XU Xinliang, Department of Energy Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC)
This dataset includes the concentrations and spatial pattern of mercury (Hg) in the foliage of the local tree species over the easteran and the southern Tibetan Plateau. Fifty-three leaf samples were collected, and cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry (CVAFS) was used to analyse the Hg contents. The limit of detection (LOD) for this method is 1.8 ng/g. The standard reference material, foliage GB GSW-11, which is supplied by National Institute of Metrology P.R.China, was also analyzed for assessing the accuracy of this method, and the recoveries of this method were 94.6%±9.7%. This dataset will provide the informations of foliage absoprtion to Hg over the Tibetan Plateau.
WANG Xiaoping
The data set recorded one belt, one road, 2002-2016 years' fertilizer and pesticide consumption data in 65 countries. Fertilizer and pesticide consumption refers to the amount of plant nutrients and pesticides consumed per unit of cultivated land. Fertilizer products include nitrogen, potassium and phosphate (including phosphate rock powder), and traditional nutrients animal and plant fertilizers are not included. Data source: Food and Agriculture Organization, electronic files and web site. Fertilizer and pesticide are the main sources of agricultural chemical pollution, which pose a serious threat to the agricultural ecological environment and the sustainable development of agricultural economy. The data set reflects one belt, one road, along the line of fertilizer and pesticide use, and can provide data support for the research on agricultural ecological environment and other related research. The data set contains two data tables: fertilizer consumption (kg / ha of cultivated land) and pesticide consumption (kg / ha of cultivated land).
XU Xinliang
By archaeological investigation and excavation in Tibetan Plateau, we discovered 8 Paleolithic sites, including 151, Jiangxigou 1, Jiangxigou 2, Heimahe 1, Xiadawu, Yezere, Niamudi and Lingjiong. In this dataset, there are some basic informations about these sites, such as location, longitude, latitude, altitude, material culture and so on. On this Basis, we identified animal remains, plant macrofossil, selected some samples for radiocarbon dating and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes. This dataset provide important basic data for understanding when and how prehistoric human lived in the Tibetan Plateau during the Paleolithic.
ZHANG Dongju , ZHANG Xiaoling, LIU Xiangjun
The concentration data set of persistent organic pollutants in the atmosphere, lake water and fish bodies in Namco from 2012 to 2014 includes concentration time series of atmospheric gaseous organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), atmospheric gaseous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), atmospheric particulate PAHs, dissolved persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in lake water, POPs in suspended particles of lake water and POPs in bodies of Gymnocypris namensis. The contents of the data set are all measured data. (1) The atmospheric samples were collected from the Integrated Observation and Research Station of Multisphere in Namco by the atmospheric active sampler. The flow rate of the sampler is 60 L min-1, which collects data every other day. One sample is generated every half month, and the sampling volume is approximately 600 m³. Each sample includes a glass fiber filter (GFF, 0.45 μm, Whatman) that adsorbs particulate POPs and a polyurethane foam (PUF, 7.5 x 6 cm) that collects gaseous POPs. (2) Fifteen sampling points were selected along Namco to collect surface lake water samples at a water depth of 0-1 m and with a volume of 200 L. The total suspended particulates are obtained by filtering the water samples with a 0.7 μm GFF membrane, and then the dissolved POPs in the water are collected using a solid phase extraction column packed with XAD-2. (3) Gymnocypris namensis is the most widely distributed fish in Namco. A total of 35 samples of different sizes were collected, and the concentration of POPs in the back muscle samples was analyzed. Each medium sample was prepared and analyzed by the Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes of CAS. The sample preparation steps include Soxhlet extraction, silica-alumina column purification, removal of macromolecular impurities by a GPC column, concentration and constant volume. The analytical test instrument was a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS, Finnigan-Trace GC/PolarisQ) manufactured by American Thermoelectric Corporation. The column separating OCPs and PCBs was a CP-Sil 8CB capillary column (50 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm), and the column separating PAHs was a DB-5MS capillary column (60 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm). Sampling and laboratory analysis procedures followed strict quality control measures with lab blanks and field blanks. The detection limit of the compound is the average of the concentration of the corresponding compound in the field blank plus 3 times the standard deviation; if the compound is not detected in the field blank, the signal-to-noise ratio, 10 times the lowest concentration of the working curve, will be considered as the detection limit. Data below the detection limit are considered undetected and labeled as BDL; data marked in italics are detected by 1/2 times the detection limit. The recovery of PAHs is between 65% and 92%, the recovery of OCPs is between 64% and 112%, and the sample concentration is not corrected using recovery.
WANG Xiaoping
This data set contains data on the concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and total suspended particulate (TSP) in the atmosphere at a station in southeastern Tibet (Lulang). The samples were collected using an atmospheric active sampler equipped with a tandem fibreglass membrane-polyurethane foam sampling head. The gaseous POPs and TSPs were collected. The sampling period for each sample was 2 weeks. The types of observed POPs include organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Only gaseous concentrations were detected for OCPs and PCBs, while both gaseous concentrations and particulate concentrations were detected for PAHs. All of the data contained in the data set are measurement data. The samples were collected in the field at the Integrated Observation and Research Station of the Alpine Environment in Southeast Tibet. The sampler was an atmospheric flow active sampler equipped with a tandem fibreglass membrane-polyurethane foam sampling head, in which the fibreglass membrane was used to collect TSPs and the polyurethane foam was used to adsorb gaseous pollutants in the atmosphere. During the sampling period, the sampler was run every other day for approximately 24 hours each time, and each sample was collected for 2 weeks. The atmospheric volume collected for each sample was 500-700 cubic metres. Both gaseous and particulate POP samples were prepared and analysed in the Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, CAS. The sample preparation steps included Soxhlet extraction, silica-alumina column purification, removal of macromolecular impurities by a GPC column, concentration to a defined volume, etc. The analytical test instrument was a gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometer (Finnigan-TRACE GC/PolarisQ) produced by Thermo Fisher Scientific. The column used to separate OCPs and PCBs was a CP-Sil 8CB capillary column (50 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm), and the column used to separate PAHs was a DB-5MS capillary column (60 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 μm). The total suspended particulate concentration in the atmosphere was determined by the gravimetric method, and the accuracy of the weighing balance was 1/100,000 g. The field samples were subjected to strict quality control with laboratory blanks and field blanks. The detection limit of a given compound was 3 times the standard deviation of the concentration of the corresponding compound in the field blank; if the compound was not detected in the field blank, the detection limit of the method was determined by the lowest concentration of the working curve. For a sample, concentrations above the detection limit of the method are corrected by subtracting the detection limit; concentrations below the detection limit of the method but higher than 1/2 times the detection limit are corrected by subtracting half the method detection limit; and concentrations below 1/2 times the detection limit are considered undetected. The recovery rate of PAH laboratory samples was between 65-120%, and that of OCPs was between 70-130%; the sample concentrations were not corrected by the recovery rate. In the table, undetected data are marked as BDL; data marked in black italics are data corrected by subtracting 1/2 the method detection limit.
WANG Xiaoping
Taking 2005 as the base year, the future population scenario was predicted by adopting the Logistic model of population. It not only can better describe the change pattern of population and biomass but is also widely applied in the economic field. The urbanization rate was predicted by using the urbanization Logistic model. Based on the existing urbanization horizontal sequence value, the prediction model was established by acquiring the parameters in the parametric equation by nonlinear regression. The urban population was calculated by multiplying the predicted population by the urbanization rate. The data adopted the non-agricultural population. The Logistic model was used to predict the future gross national product of each county (or city), and then, according to the economic development level of each county (or city) in each period (in terms of GDP per capita),the corresponding industrial structure scenarios in each period were set, and the output value of each industry was predicted. The trend of changes in industrial structure in China and the research area lagged behind the growth of GDP and was therefore adjusted according to the need of the future industrial structure scenarios of the research area.
ZHONG Fanglei
Taking 2000 as the base year, the future population scenario prediction adopted the Logistic model of population, and it not only can better describe the change pattern of population and biomass but also is widely applied in the economic field. The urbanization rate was predicted using the urbanization Logistic model. Based on the existing urbanization horizontal sequence value, the prediction model was established by acquiring the parameters in the parametric equation applying nonlinear regression. The urban population was calculated by multiplying the predicted population by the urbanization rate. The Logistic model was used to predict the future gross national product of each county (or city), and then, according to the economic development level of each county (or city) in each period (in terms of real GDP per capita), the corresponding industrial structure scenarios in each period were set, and the output value of each industry was predicted. The trend of industrial structure changing in China and the research area lagged behind the growth of GDP, so it was adjusted according to the need of the future industrial structure scenarios of the research area.
ZHONG Fanglei
Taking 2005 as the base year, the future population scenario was predicted by adopting the logistic model of population. This model not only effectively describes the pattern of changes in population and biomass but is also widely applied in the field of economics. The urbanization rate was predicted using the urbanization logistic model. Based on the observed horizontal pattern of urbanization, a predictive model was established by determining the parameters in the parametric equation by applying nonlinear regression. The urban population was calculated by multiplying the predicted population by the urbanization rate. The data represent the non-agricultural population. The logistic model was used to predict the future gross domestic product of each county (or city), and then the economic development level of each county (or city) in each period (in terms of GDP per capita). The corresponding industrial structure scenarios in each period were set, and the output value of each industry was predicted. The trend of industrial structure changes in China and the research area lagged behind the growth in GDP, so the changes were adjusted according to the need for future industrial structure scenarios in the research area.
YANG Linsheng, ZHONG Fanglei
Correlation data of vegetation functional traits with topographic factors and pastoral animal husbandry activity factors, including: 1) observation data of main functional traits of 2-3 kinds of grassland plants in elevation, slope and slope upward; 2) correlation analysis data of vegetation functional traits and topographic factors; 3) correlation analysis data between vegetation functional traits and livestock activity intensity factors.
ZHAO Chengzhang
The ecological data of Zhangye City from 2001 to 2012 include: the reuse rate of industrial water, the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid, the ratio of environmental protection investment to GDP, the per capita water consumption, the share of ecological water, the use intensity of chemical fertilizer, the use intensity of pesticide, the use intensity of agricultural plastic film, and the energy consumption per unit GDP
ZHANG Dawei
The project “The impact of the frozen soil environment on the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the environmental effects of the construction” is part of the “Environmental and Ecological Science in West China” programme supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The person in charge of the project is Wei Ma, a researcher at the Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The project ran from January 2002 to December 2004. Data collected in this project included the following: Monitoring data of the active layer in the Beiluhe River Basin (1) Description of the active layer in the Beiluhe River Basin (2) Subsurface moisture data from the Beiluhe River Basin, 2002.9.28-2003.8.10 (Excel file) * Site 1 - Grassland moisture data * Site 2 – Removed turf moisture data * Site 3 - Natural turf moisture data * Site 4 - Gravel moisture data * Site 5 - Insulation moisture data (3) Subsurface temperature data from the Beiluhe River Basin, 0207-0408 Excel file * Temperature data for the ballast surface * Temperature data for insulation materials * Temperature data for a surface without vegetation * Temperature data for a grassland surface * Temperature data for a grit and pebble surface Data on the impact of construction on the ecological environment were obtained at Fenghuoshan, Tuotuohe, and Wudaoliang. Sample survey included plant type, abundance, community coverage, total coverage, aboveground biomass ratio and soil structure. The moisture content at different depths of the soil was detected using a time domain reflectometer (TDR). A set of soil samples was collected at a depth of 0-100 cm at each sample site. An EKKO100 ground-penetrating radar detector was used to continuously sample 1-1.5 km long sections parallel to the road to determine the upper limit depth of the frozen soil. 3. Predicted data: The temperature of the frozen soil at different depths and times was predicted in response to temperature increases of 1 degree and 2 degrees over the next 50 years based on initial surface temperatures of -0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5, and -4.5 degrees. 4. The frozen soil parameters of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway were as follows: location, railway mileage, total mileage (km), frozen soil type mileage, mileage of zones with an average temperature conducive to permafrost, frozen soil with high temperatures and high ice contents, frozen soils with high temperatures and low ice contents, frozen soils with low temperatures and high ice contents, frozen soils with low temperatures and low ice contents, and melting area.
MA Wei, WU Qingbai
The interaction mechanism project between major road projects and the environment in western mountainous areas belongs to the major research plan of "Environment and Ecological Science in Western China" of the National Natural Science Foundation. The person in charge is Cui Peng researcher of Chengdu Mountain Disaster and Environment Research Institute, Ministry of Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The project runs from January 2003 to December 2005. Data collected for this project: Engineering and Environmental Centrifugal Model Test Data (word Document): Consists of six groups of centrifugal model test data, namely: Test 1. Centrifugal Model Test of Soil Cutting High Slope (6 Groups) Test 2. Centrifugal Model Experiment of Backpressure for Slope Cutting and Filling (4 Groups) Test 3. Centrifugal Model Experimental Study on Anti-slide Piles and Pile-slab Walls (10 Groups) Test 4. Centrifugal Model Tests for Different Construction Timing of Slope (5 Groups) Test 5. Migration Effect Centrifugal Model Test (11 Groups) Test 6. Centrifugal Model Test of Water Effect on Temporary Slope (8 Groups) The purpose, theoretical basis, test design, test results and other information of each test are introduced in detail.
CUI Peng
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